论购物佣金的法律治理

目前,旅行社扭曲的经营模式是以不合理的购物佣金为基础的,这种购物佣金也几乎必然损害旅游者权益.当前的治理方式主要有两种,即立法禁止与立法规范.但两者都没能解决问题,其共同的困境在于:第一,都是地方立法,受限于地方利益的顾虑,执法者不可能严格执法；第二,都过度依赖行政监管,但行政监管存在自身固有的不足.可行的解决思路是在旅游法中赋予旅游者一项合适的权利,通过旅游者有效的维权活动制约旅行社损害旅游者利益的佣金行为.购物反悔权正是这样一种合适的权利,它将迫使旅行社主动将购物佣金控制在旅游者可以接受的限度内,或者干脆放弃购物安排.此时行政监管的主要职责将转化为保障旅游者该项权利的顺利实现,借此形成市场主导、行政保障的治理模式.     

Cointegration Analysis on the Factors that Affect China＇ s Current Account Surplus

利用中国1982～2009年的数据,采用E-G两步法、向量误差修正模型对中国经常项目顺差的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,经常项目差额占GDP的比率与储蓄率（S/GDP）、净国外资产占GDP的比率（NFA/GDP）、投资率（资本形成总额/GDP）之间存在长期的均衡关系。其中,储蓄率、投资率对经常项目差额的影响较大,是造成经常项目顺差的主要因素。     

茂山林场林权纠纷调处对策研究

随着林地、林木资源的不断增值,国有林场与周边村寨之间的林权纠纷时有发生,这不但严重影响和制约了国有林场工作的正常开展,同时也影响林区的未来发展。通过对某市林权制度改革情况的专题调研,针对当前茂山林场林权纠纷长期以来存在的社会矛盾问题,从林权纠纷的概念、产生的原因和对策入手,针对茂山林场林权纠纷发生的现象,通过对茂山林场林权纠纷情况进行综合分析,分析产生的原因,找出林权流转过程中存在的问题,阻碍林权流转的制约因素,提出解决问题的对策,并明确加快林权流转的途径与策略选择。     

The Primacy of Space in Politics: Bargaining Rights,Freedom and Power in an İstanbul Neighborhood

This article explores and theorizes the ways in which urban space and political contestations are mapped onto each other. The ethnography illustrates the multifaceted transformations in a notoriously secularist neighborhood of ?stanbul, Te?vikiye, as it first turns into a high‐consumption locality in the post‐1980s, then into a high‐conflict urban space in the new millennium on the arrival of Muslim high‐spenders, particularly headscarved women. Aiming to fill the gap left by the absence of spatial analysis from political science and political sociology, I argue that the urban neighborhood becomes central for political contestation when both government and opposition fail to protect and secure liberties and rights. Now that devout Muslims are integrated into highly contested urban sites and share bourgeois lifestyles, ordinary people act in defense of their ‘sphere’ of freedom and privacy. This new territoriality is largely symptomatic of increasing fears of losing freedom, privacy and social status. This spatial defensiveness is reinforced by people's decreasing trust in, and increasing demands from, the state for the protection and security of their rights and liberties. My overarching argument is that exclusive attention to the bipolar clash between devout Muslims and secularists under the rubric of ‘neighborhood wars’ obscures multipolar conflicts around the discontents stemming from authoritarianism and democratization.     

农业剩余转化与动态发展牵扯:以工补农新机制解析

"以工补农"不能单纯地从同情"三农"态度出发研究"单向的以工补农",而应从深入剖析工业化过程中的工业和农业互动关系出发,积极探索"双向的以工补农"机制。从工业化过程中工农互动机制中寻找到一个"以工补农"机制的新视角,通过构建基于工业化的"农业剩余转化"模型,重点分析工业化过程中的农业剩余转化和农业深化发展动态关系的"以工补农"机制。在工业化过程中,要根据工农关系不同阶段的特征,采取不同的工农互动关系调节方法,即不同的"以工补农"策略,促进工业和农业互动协调发展。     

自然人婚后变性权问题研究

我国在法律层面上目前并没有关于禁止变性（包括已婚者变性）的具体规定,但司法实践承认和保护自然人的变性权。按照＂法无禁止即许可＂原则,只要其符合医学上有关变性的一般条件,就应当确认和保护他们的变性权。同时,已婚者进行变性手术不应以离婚为条件。在立法上,应将变性明确作为夫妻感情确已破裂的法定理由。在离婚时,变性一方应承担婚姻关系解体的过错责任,无过错方有权请求婚姻过错方予以损害赔偿。     

农民专业合作社的盈余分配制度——一个“专用性—稀缺性”视角的解释

研究农民专业合作社盈余分配制度的形成机制具有重要的理论和现实意义。文章回顾了我国合作社盈余分配的现状及其相关研究,并从专用性和稀缺性的视角对盈余分配形成机制进行解释。研究认为,在要素的稀缺性变化情况下,交易额返还侧重于保护农产品生产环节的农户专用性投资,股金分红侧重于保护资金和技术所有者产后环节的专用性投资,"按交易额返还,资本报酬有限"则是在产中和产后的专用性投资保护中寻找一个平衡点。     

农地入股合作社的立法理念更新

兼顾土地承包经营权作为用益物权的自由支配属性和土地承包经营权的生存权保障功能,是当前学术界主张的农地入股的主流立法理念。但是,基于此立法理念进行的制度设计,既可能面临实施的困境和法理上的自相矛盾,也可能会导致入股者享有的农地增值收益权、融资担保权、征收补偿权和农地发展权严重受限或者受损。而将农地入股的立法理念更新为对农民生存权和发展权的双重关怀并以此构建相关制度,不仅可以弥补当前农地入股主流立法理念及其制度设计的缺陷,有化解农地入股中的一系列二元主义争议,而且还有充分的法理根据和现实依据,有利于实现农地入股合作社的立法价值。     

马克思剩余价值理论视角下信息商品增值研究

信息劳动创造价值,如何在马克思剩余价值理论视角下研究信息商品增值是一个新的研究课题。信息劳动是复杂劳动,创建期投入巨大,一些信息商品具有独特形式。将信息生产的不同时期的区分引入复杂的劳动过程和价值增殖的研究：信息商品创建期和扩大生产期都属于生产过程,在生产中获得价值增殖的潜力,而通过流通过程,创造出巨大数量的消费受众,从而实现了剩余价值的获得。巨大的规模投资、极高的技术门槛和政府政策保护使信息企业获得超额剩余价值。     

Patents,Copyrights, and Trademarks in the Early Twenty-First Century: The New Relevance of Some Old Concepts of Intellectual Property Rights

SUMMARY

After laying an historical foundation of the concept of “promonopoly” legislation in the face of a U. S. public policy devoted, since 1890, to a generally antimonopoly position, this paper examines the relevance of recent changes in the three types of domestic promonopoly law: patent law, copyright law, and trademark law. During the last thirty years of the twentieth century, and especially during the last decade of that period, all three aspects of American promonopoly legislation were strengthened. The term of copyright was extended from a maximum of fifty-six years to the lifetime of the last-living author of a work plus seventy years and coverage was broadened to extend to recordings-by a number of means-of performances; patents were lengthened in duration from seventeen years to twenty; and the law of trademarks was modified to include protection for trademark holders against “dilution,” or loss of value of trademarks due to the acts of noncompetitors. The implications and rationales of these changes are examined in the context of their effect on business life at the beginning of the third millennium. While it is too soon since the majority of these changes in law went into effect to draw definitive conclusions concerning their ultimate consequences, it does appear that, in general, their thrust is to increase the value of intellectual property to its proprietors.